Come funziona un aereo AWACS e perché il suo radar vola alto
Perché si mette un radar su un aereo: l'orizzonte passa da 16 a 143 km. Radome rotante o array AESA fissi, pulse-Doppler, autonomia in volo e il caso KJ-3000.
Il radome dell'E-3 Sentry misura 9,1 metri di diametro e sta a 3,33 metri sopra la fusoliera, sostenuto da due puntoni.
In questo articolo
Salta a una sezione
Perché un radar guadagna visuale salendo di quota
Radome rotante o antenne fisse: come si copre l'intero cielo
- E-3 Sentry: radome rotante da 9,1 m con l'antenna all'interno.[3]
- KJ-2000 e KJ-500 (Cina): radome fissi con tre antenne AESA che coprono i 360 gradi.[8]
- E-7 Wedgetail: radar MESA con 288 moduli T/R ad alta potenza, due array laterali e uno «top hat».[9]
- GlobalEye (Saab): radar Erieye ER, un AESA adattivo che concentra l'energia su aree o bersagli di interesse.[10]
Pulse-Doppler: come si guarda verso il basso senza accecarsi
Equipaggio di missione e datalink: cosa succede dopo il radar
Cellula, autonomia e rifornimento: l'aereo come piattaforma
Da leggere · Aviazione e Volo
Perché gli aerei di linea volano tra i 10.000 e i 12.000 metri
KJ-3000: cosa mostrano i satelliti e cosa resta senza conferme
Domande frequenti
Come funziona un aereo AWACS?
Cosa c'è dentro il disco sopra un E-3 Sentry?
Perché alcuni aerei radar hanno un disco rotante e altri antenne fisse?
Quante persone ci sono a bordo di un AWACS?
A che distanza vede un radar aviotrasportato rispetto a uno a terra?
Quanto può restare in volo un AWACS?
Che cos'è il KJ-3000 cinese e perché se ne parla?
Fonti
34 riferimenti Mostra Nascondi
- Radar horizon (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The radar horizon with an antenna height of 75 feet (23 m) over the ocean is 10-mile (16 km).»
- Radar horizon (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«With this calculation, the horizon for a radar at a 1-mile (1.6 km) altitude is 89-mile (143 km).»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The dome is 30 feet (9.1 meters) in diameter, six feet (1.8 meters) thick, and is held 11 feet (3.33 meters) above the fuselage by two struts.»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The E-3 can fly a mission profile approximately 8 hours without refueling.»
- Radar horizon (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«And for the same examples : the radar horizon for the radar at a 1-mile (1.6 km) altitude will be 102-mile (164 km) and the one at 75 feet (23 m) will be 12-mile (19 km).»
- Radar horizon (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«This extends to a distance of about 120% of the radar horizon.»
- Radar horizon (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The antenna for radar with no signal processing clutter-reduction improvement is not normally aimed near the ground to avoid overwhelming computers and users.»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«China’s existing KJ-2000 and smaller KJ-500 use fixed radomes containing three active electronically scanned array (AESA) antennas to provide 360-degree coverage, rather than the rotating radomes found on aircraft such as the U.S. E-3 Sentry and Russia’s A-50 Mainstay.»
- SLD - Visiting the Wedgetail squadron at Williamtown (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«MESA’s radar/IFF system is powered by 288 high-power T/R (transmit/receive) modules driving two side arrays and a “top hat” array.»
- Saab - GlobalEye (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«Adaptive Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar – energy is focused on areas or targets of interest»
- SLD - Visiting the Wedgetail squadron at Williamtown (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«L-band provides better detection in rain than higher frequency AEW radars as well as longer range detection of smaller targets.»
- RF Essentials - Clutter suppression (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«Clutter often exceeds the target by 40 to 80 dB, so suppression exploits Doppler, spatial, or joint differences using MTI cancellers, pulse-Doppler filter banks, or STAP.»
- Pulse-Doppler radar (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«Pulse-Doppler provided look-down/shoot-down capability to support air-to-air missile systems in most modern military aircraft by the mid 1970s.»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The radar combined with an identification friend or foe, or IFF, subsystem can look down to detect, identify and track enemy and friendly low-flying aircraft by eliminating ground clutter returns that confuse other radar systems.»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The radar has a range of more than 250 miles (375.5 kilometers).»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«**Ceiling:** Above 29,000 feet (8,788 meters)»
- Saab - GlobalEye (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«GlobalEye’s instrumented range is 350NM (650 km)»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«flight crew of four plus mission crew of 13-19 specialists (mission crew size varies according to mission)»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«Mission crew members perform surveillance, identification, weapons control, battle management and communications functions.»
- Boeing - E-7 AEW&C (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The E-7A offers 10 battle manager workstations, twice as many as any competing platform and 21 total aircrew members.»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«It has the ability to detect threats and control assets below and beyond the coverage of ground-based command and control or C2, and can exchange data with other C2 systems and shooters via datalinks.»
- USAF - E-3 Sentry (AWACS) (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«the Sentry has a greater chance of surviving in warfare than a fixed, ground-based radar system.»
- Boeing - E-7 AEW&C (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«More than 1.5 million square-mile coverage (4 million square-kilometer) coverage in a standard mission and over 10-hour mission duration, longer with aerial refueling.»
- Saab - GlobalEye (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The Global 6000/6500 aircraft from Bombardier adds 12 hours of operational endurance»
- Boeing - E-7 AEW&C (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«As a derivative of the in-production Next-Generation 737, the E-7 has access to a well-established global supply chain»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«To date, only four KJ-2000 Mainring aircraft have been completed.»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«Satellite imagery captured on October 5 and provided by Vantor shows three KJ-3000s near the XAC factory in the western part of the facility, with a fourth at the nearby China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE).»
- Janes - New imagery of China's KJ-3000 reveals key features (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«The KJ-3000 is based on the Xi'an Y-20B transport aircraft, which is powered by four domestically developed and new Shenyang WS-20 two-shaft high-bypass-ratio turbofan engines.»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«An aerial refueling probe is mounted above the cockpit, while a conspicuous intake at the base of the tailfin is likely intended to provide cooling air for its extensive onboard electronics.»
- Janes - New imagery of China's KJ-3000 reveals key features (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«the aircraft's radome was visible, with markings on the feature indicating that it houses two back-to-back radar arrays of a potentially new radar system.»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«Its higher operating altitude would give its radar a better vantage point for detecting and tracking targets, particularly low-flying aircraft and missiles that may be masked from ground-based sensors by terrain or the radar horizon.»
- US Department of Defense - China Military Power Report 2025 (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«the PLA conducted an initial flight with the KJ-3000 Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C) aircraft, which will serve as a surveillance aircraft to monitor aircraft, ships, and other vehicles.»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«J. Michael Dahm, a senior fellow at the Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies, assesses that the presence of four aircraft points to the type having entered serial production.»
- The War Zone - Four KJ-3000 radar jets at Chinese factory (si apre in una nuova scheda)
«However, he also pointed out that all four previously identified prototypes could simply have been at the facility at the same time.»